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Manufacturing-based quality is primarily concerned with which of the following?

  1. Customer satisfaction with the end product

  2. Conformance to requirements and quality of conformance

  3. Market competitiveness and pricing

  4. Durability and reliability of the product

The correct answer is: Conformance to requirements and quality of conformance

Manufacturing-based quality focuses mainly on the processes and procedures used to produce goods, ensuring that they meet specified standards and requirements. This concept emphasizes the importance of "conformance to requirements" which indicates that the manufactured products must align with predefined specifications and standards. Quality of conformance refers to how well the production process adheres to the planned arrangements and methods, minimizing defects and variations in the end product. In manufacturing, achieving high quality means that products are consistently produced at a level that meets or exceeds these quality standards. While the other options touch on various aspects of product or market considerations, they do not capture the essence of manufacturing-based quality as thoroughly as the emphasis on conformance to requirements and the quality of that conformance.